Remove specific url from your system

Most of the people while specially using computer from a public place say cyber cafe or in office , generally we go to the History tab of Internet Explorer (directly or pressing ctrl+h) or by pressing (ctrl+shift+h) in firefox to delete the specific details of that url.
By doing so we feel we are assured and so that no one can ever able to trace that.
Might be for most of the cases it's quite enough to remove that particular entry from your system but wait ........
In some cases you find that after removing all the entity from history if someone types the first word of that site , it keeps coming.
People often use delete all option of IE or Clear Private Data option of firefox and clear the whole but still sometimes it will not resolve the issue.
If you ever face this then kindly follow the following steps:
1) Click start and go to the run option or simply press Windows tab(the tab that's in between ctrl and alt in the left hand side of your keyboard)+r
It opens run
2) type regedit ---> It open your registry settings
3)Expand my computer there.
4)Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER
5)Expand Software>Microsoft>Internet Explorer
6) Go to TypedURLs tab and click it
7)Right hand side you find the entries of the typed urls
8) Find the entry of the url you want to delete and right click to that entity under the Name column.
9)Can't you see the "Delete" option...
that's it click it and free from the confounded url.

SQL Insert with ' (quote)

First of all, the target audience of this article is not those who have spent some time already with SQL server but it's for those who are newbie to this field.
Lets start from the scratch by creating a simple table, named Shippers.
CREATE TABLE Shippers
(
ShipperID int IDENTITY(1,1),
CompanyName nvarchar(50) ,
Phone nvarchar(50)
)
If we write an insert to insert the data to the Shippers table like this:
Insert into Shippers(CompanyName, Phone) values ('ABC' ,'888-999-9999')

There won't be any problem but if we try to insert some data having quotation e.g. here after word Rock there is one quote and Muscle word is inside the quote mark will create problem
Insert into Shippers(CompanyName, Phone) values ('Rock's 'Muscle'' ,'XXX-999-9999')

The error will be like this
Msg 102, Level 15, State 1, Line 1
Incorrect syntax near 's'.
Msg 105, Level 15, State 1, Line 1
Unclosed quotation mark after the character string ')
'.
Then we need to modify our query in the following way :
Insert into Shippers(CompanyName, Phone) values ('Rock''s ''Muscle''' ,'XXX-999-9999')
The simple funda is to put one additional quote for every exisiting single quote i.e. after word Rock instead of one there will be 2 quotes as shown in the above query and so on.

Happy querying and advanced Merry X-MAS :-)

Subjunctive Mood ; try to write better English

Most of the explanations and examples of this post have been taken from my English Coaching sir's note.

English verbs have four moods: indicative, imperative, subjunctive, and infinitive.
Mood is the form of the verb that shows the mode or manner in which a thought is expressed.
I've seen in some grammar books instead of infinitive author included interrogative mood as one of the four moods.
I'll like to succinct here only the subjunctive mood only but for a brief refernce to all other along with Subjunctive, reader can check the following link:
http://www.dailywritingtips.com/english-grammar-101-verb-mood/
Defination:
A verb is in the subjunctive mood when it expresses a condition which is doubtful or not factual.
It is typically observed in a subordinate clause beginning with the word if.
It is also found in clauses following a verb that expresses a doubt, a wish, regret, request, demand, or proposal.
Some verbs those are followed by clauses that take the subjunctive:
ask, demand, determine, insist, move, order, pray, prefer, recommend, regret, request, require, suggest, and wish.
Prior to start discussion let us put two sentences:
Examples:

• I was in your position two years ago. (not in the subjunctive mood)
• If I were in your position, I would do the same. (subjunctive mood)

The subjunctive for the present tense third person singular drops the -s or -es so that it looks and sounds like the present tense for everything else.
The subjunctive mood of the verb to be is be in the present tense and were in the past tense, regardless of what the subject is.

Incorrect: If I was you, I would run.
Correct: If I were you, I would run. (The verb follows if and expresses a non-factual condition.)

Incorrect: I wish he was able to type faster.
Correct: I wish he were able to type faster. (The second verb is in a clause following a verb expressing a wish. It also suggests a non-factual or doubtful condition.)

Incorrect: His requirement is that everyone is computer literate.
Correct: His requirement is that everyone be computer literate. (Subordinate clause follows main clause with a demand.)

Incorrect: He recommended that each driver reports his tips.
Correct: He recommended that each driver report his tips.

Sometimes we may use the conditional auxiliary verbs of could, should, or would to express the same sense.
Subjunctive:I wish he were kinder to me.
Conditional: I wish he would be kinder to me.

English has had a subjunctive mood since Old English times, but most of the functions of the old subjunctive have been taken over by auxiliary verbs like may and should, and the subjunctive survives only in very limited situations.

Best musical ad of 2008, according to me :-)

This limca ad is one of the best ad in 2008. This add soothes my mind whenever I feel disappointed, mentally pissed. On the other hand this add makes my mood ecstatic while I am enjoying. Enjoy the music and the freshness.

I really enjoy this, specially enjoy the music!!!

To write better English: For , while , during -- how and when to use?

To represent time , we generally used 3 common prepositions in English viz., for - while - during.

For - The preposition "for" is used to express how long something or someone is doing something.
"For" is used to state a period of time and is used with a noun/pronoun (or any other form of nouns) .

e.g.
I have been driving my car for 3 hours.
The lady has been shouting for a long time.
The traffic has been bad for the last three days.

While - The preposition "while" is used to represent the length of time an action has been happening. "While" is used when speaking about 2 actions that are happing at the same time. The length of the action is not important.
"While" is used with a subject and a verb.

e.g.
While I was playing with my cat, my brother was doing her homework.
While we are playing cards, the music was playing.
My mother doesn't like the T. V. on while we are eating dinner.

During -The preposition "during" is used to represent the length of time of an action that is while the action is happening.
"During" is used with a noun/pronoun (or any other form of nouns) .

e.g.
I will be really busy during the week.
The girls were talking during the party.
The streetlights went out during the hurricane.

After Mumbai Terror, Politicians showed their true colors

Yesterday Kerala Chief Minister VS Achuthanandan insulted the family of martyred NSG Commando Sandeep Unnikrishnan that will once again show the true color of indian Politicians. This thing again show that why this country faced more than 13 terrorist attack alone in 2008.
Because this is the country where politicians even didn't show little bit of courtesy to a martyr like Sandeep Unnikrishnan.
On the other hand, Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi yesterday told that this tirade against the politician is only prevailed in the mind of some elitist people. As if the Mumbai terror is carrying very insignificant consequence to the whole nation. What he thinks about himself.
Had anyone watched the interview that Bilasrao Deshmukh given to defend himself on Monday?
Where reportes asking that why he had been accompanied by RGV he was laughling like a joker.
Shame on them.

Time has come to unite against the dirty f*****g Indian politicians, otherwise future will not forgive us!!!
If we stand for what we believe in, we can change the world !!

Mumbai Terror --- No cities of India is safe

In this year Indian soil smeared with blood with terror one after another and after every incident authorities have promised us to take stern measurement but still terror proliferates like anything.
I'm trying to view this from different angle. Few days ago Mr Raj Thakare of the same city shouted for the benefits of MARATHI and vandalized the city, that consequently tarnished the image of Mumbai. Now his follower can ask him where he is right now? Has he made any such comments that tells us that he like to carry a tirade against those terrorist with the same gusto?
Actually that is a root cause that tells you why India slowly but surely becomes a breeding ground of the terror.
Once again I hate to use the cliche "Politicians" ; they are responsible for this like most of the calamities that India has ever faced.
Still they can't able to form a stern National Security Policy over the country.
Common people will be killed, police will be killed while fighting, but nothing will happen.
I really don't know whether there will be any change of this.

Failed to access IIS metabse problem

Recently I've faced a peculiar problem.Lets discuss how it started :-)
For my project purpose I need to install VS.NET 2003 and as I've already already have VS.NET 2005 and VSTS 2008 in my system hence I need to uninstall them first and then install Visual Studios in ascending order of versions i.e. 2003 first, then 2005 and so on.

But after do all the installation while I had created a new virtual directory for my current project and trying to browase from inetmgr then I found the irritating error "Failed to access IIS Metabase problem"

First I again uninstall and then install IIS ---- but the problem still there.
Then as per the nature of the problem I think
The Possible Cause might be that when you install IIS AFTER .NET 2.0 framework, the rights of the ASPNET user had not been set correctly.
Then I do two things
1.Go to c:\Windows\System32\and after right clicking inetsrv folder I went to the security tab and add ASPNET user there and give the full right.

2. Run from the VS.NET 2005 command prompt
c:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\aspnet_regiis -i

Eventually the problem has solved
Ref:
http://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=267904

http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/asmxandxml/thread/f213cd49-0143-46a8-95cf-88c80d5d1d34/

New Orleans narrowly escaped from Gustav --- Difference between Tornado , Hurricane and cyclone

Suddenly feeling interested about these three try to find out what Google said. Surprisingly find out there are people have written in different answer forum that those three are the damn same thing , which even lay man like me doesn't agree. At least I know that these are not the damn same thing !!!
And Tornado basically happen inside the land and hurricane is a sea storm.
To know the things in more detail, these three links are helpful
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornado
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone

COM+ object can't die immediately

One of my recent assignment when my BLL(Business Logic Layer) was consuming a COM+ component, I've seen at the testing environment in COM+ explorer that interop dlls after being accessed by my code , don't die immediately and moreover it takes lots of time to getting deactivate as it was obvious visually from the COM+ explorer of the 'Test Server'.

Hence I, after googling a bit add the following two lines of code, forcefully try to release the components
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject([Instance Of COM Component] );
[Instance Of COM Component] = null;

But please note that A common approach for releasing unmanaged objects is to set the RCW reference to null and then call System.GC.Collect followed by System.GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers. This is not recommended for performance reasons, because in many situations it can trigger the garbage collector to run too often. Code written by using this approach significantly compromises the performance and scalability of server applications. You should let the garbage collector determine the appropriate time to perform a collection.

Abhinav Bindra bags gold :-)

Bindra makes us proud but the question will remain same. Does this able to lift the status of India as an emerging powerhouse in the sport's world?
If logically analyzing the issue, it is evident that Abhinav is not the product of the system, rather he like last Olympics silver medalist Mr. Rathore, made themselves and system didn't contribute anything to their success.

Though the sports minister has said that this triumph will lift India and it'll be the powerhouse of the world of sport , I am not that much optimistic.

Rather it's a shame that in this time Indian Hockey, indeed first time ever, wont be the part of the Olympics.
Still almost all the sports body are running by some autocratic non sports person instead of some former sports person.

So while the whole nation will celebrate this victory, we should better to not to forget these and hence people of India can only revive the whole system as we've seen government enough!

Indian Football team reaches into the final of AFC 2008

Though the ground condition of Hyderabad was pretty bad but still India managed to beat Myanmar by 1-0 to reach the final of AFC Cup. The solitary goal was scored by Sunil Chetry!
Hope Indian football can continue its good show as wining in the final will confirm them to get a place in Asian Cup.

But infrastructure of Football in this country is pretty bad and that needs to be corrected if ever we've a dream to leave some marks in the Asian Level.

Lets try to bring the golden days of Indian Football

Serial bombblast --- some concerns , some questions

Last few years there were number of bomb blast haunted our country. Whoever be the part of the government, either in state or in center, after a few days of routine activity, never did anything for long term perspective. Hence we see earlier in the big cities and now even in the non metro cities like Jaipur , Ahmadabad etc became the target of the terrorists.

Still Indian Govt hasn't have any task force to trace the activities between two bomb blasts. In addition to this, there are few political obligations too. In West Bengal , lots of Madrasas near to the Bangladesh border suddenly flourish like anything. West Bengal government, in spite of knowing the fact that in those places anti Indian thoughts have been taught, remain nonchalant as to fear not to lose the Muslim support! Similarly to banning SIMI which slowly but surely is turning to be a breeding ground of terrorists, the government doesn't take any effective steps against them.

Dr Manmohan Singh wins trust vote

After a huge drama, lots of mud slinging eventually UPA govt succeed to avoid an early election. People of India once again witnessed some jokery, mockery and as usual unprecedented incident when 3 BJP MPs were showing the bundle of notes and claimed that it had been used as a bribe to them.

Mayavati, after trust vote started crying that neither BJP nor Congress wanted to see a PM from backward society! Even most of the educated person don't like to see her not because she belongs to backward caste but because of her political paradigm and attocrat attitude.

People certainly will be waiting for the excuses for Prakash Karat whose stupid arrogance pushed India to an untimely election. When inflation touched its altime highest figure, Mr Karat was fighting for an obsolete ideology.

Lalu by his sense of humour and unique way of oratory skill made fun of lots of people, he can be a great scripwriter for Bollywood comedy films :-)

Once again the politicans showed to the world no ethical sense and no discipline and made us shameful about Indian politics.

But the main question is though Manmohan Singh wins trust vote , how long UPA will survive?

Nuclear Energy and hullabaloo in Indian Politics

Once again, Indian politics is making another "Circus Show" :-)

But prior to that lets play with some dry stats!
If you do a googling a bit, you can yourself find out that nuclear power incorporates only about 3% of the total power generation of India.
And if nuclear power stations reach to their optimum capacity, they can contribute 10% of our total energy consumption. But as the fuel for those are not very much abundant in India and hence for the continious fuel supply the nuclear deal is required, as well as from the transfer of technology view point, so that we can attain better productivity of those nuclear plants, these deal can work perfectly.

But unfortunately as usual no political parties are going to ask a few important questions or there is no general awareness among the mass regarding a few notable points.

• First, if we develop some elementary habits such as switching off the light before leaving from our flats, it saves nearly 7% of the produced energy. In other words, it is equivalent to produce an energy which is 7% of the total energy consumption.
• Secondly, why the departments of alternative energies can't come with solution alternative to nuclear energy those are at least cheaper than nuclear energy.
• Thirdly, after spending this huge investment how long we'll continue to produce this kind of energy as by the present statistics the existing nuclear fuel can provide us power upto a few decades if and only if all other conditions are remaining unchanged!
• Fourthly, why the countries like germany are not opening any new nuclear plants?

It seems that Leftists have only concern that the deal has made between India and USA , if the deal has made between India and China, they would be happy. They are not bothered about the unanswered questions.
Mayavati has once again played the caste and religion card along with her dirty politics.

BJP though they had started earlier to make the stategic relationship with USA are trying to catch fish in dirty water.

The show named "Political Circus in India" must be going on!

The India-US 123 Agreement

The following is the text of the Agreement for Cooperation between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of India concerning peaceful uses of nuclear energy (123 Agreement):The Government of India and the Government of the United States of America, hereinafter referred to as the Parties, RECOGNIZING the significance of civilian nuclear energy for meeting growing global energy demands in a cleaner and more efficient manner; DESIRING to cooperate extensively in the full development and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes as a means of achieving energy security, on a stable, reliable and predictable basis; WISHING to develop such cooperation on the basis of mutual respect for sovereignty, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality, mutual benefit, reciprocity and with due respect for each other's nuclear programmes; DESIRING to establish the necessary legal framework and basis for cooperation concerning peaceful uses of nuclear energy; AFFIRMING that cooperation under this Agreement is between two States possessing advanced nuclear technology, both Parties having the same benefits and advantages, both committed to preventing WMD proliferation; NOTING the understandings expressed in the India - U.S. Joint Statement of July 18, 2005 to enable full civil nuclear energy cooperation with India covering aspects of the associated nuclear fuel cycle; AFFIRMING their support for the objectives of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and its safeguards system, as applicable to India and the United States of America, and its importance in ensuring that international cooperation in development and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is carried out under arrangements that will not contribute to the proliferation of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices; NOTING their respective commitments to safety and security of peaceful uses of nuclear energy, to adequate physical protection of nuclear material and effective national export controls; MINDFUL that peaceful nuclear activities must be undertaken with a view to protecting the environment; MINDFUL of their shared commitment to preventing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; and DESIROUS of strengthening the strategic partnership between them; Have agreed on the following:
ARTICLE 1 - DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this Agreement:
(A) ''By-product material'' means any radioactive material (except special fissionable material) yielded in or made radioactive by exposure to the radiation incident to the process of producing or utilizing special fissionable material. By-product material shall not be subject to safeguards or any other form of verification under this Agreement, unless it has been decided otherwise by prior mutual agreement in writing between the two Parties. (B) ''Component'' means a component part of equipment, or other item so designated by agreement of the Parties. (C) ''Conversion'' means any of the normal operations in the nuclear fuel cycle, preceding fuel fabrication and excluding enrichment, by which uranium is transformed from one chemical form to another - for example, from uranium hexafluoride (UF6) to uranium dioxide (UO2) or from uranium oxide to metal. (D) ''Decommissioning'' means the actions taken at the end of a facility's useful life to retire the facility from service in the manner that provides adequate protection for the health and safety of the decommissioning workers and the general public, and for the environment. These actions can range from closing down the facility and a minimal removal of nuclear material coupled with continuing maintenance and surveillance, to a complete removal of residual radioactivity in excess of levels acceptable for unrestricted use of the facility and its site. (E) ''Dual-Use Item'' means a nuclear related item which has a technical use in both nuclear and non-nuclear applications. (F) ''Equipment'' means any equipment in nuclear operation including reactor, reactor pressure vessel, reactor fuel charging and discharging equipment, reactor control rods, reactor pressure tubes, reactor primary coolant pumps, zirconium tubing, equipment for fuel fabrication and any other item so designated by the Parties. (G) ''High enriched uranium'' means uranium enriched to twenty percent or greater in the isotope 235. (H) ''Information'' means any information that is not in the public domain and is transferred in any form pursuant to this Agreement and so designated and documented in hard copy or digital form by mutual agreement by the Parties that it shall be subject to this Agreement, but will cease to be information whenever the Party transferring the information or any third party legitimately releases it into the public domain. (I) ''Low enriched uranium'' means uranium enriched to less than twenty percent in the isotope 235. (J) ''Major critical component'' means any part or group of parts essential to the operation of a sensitive nuclear facility or heavy water production facility. (K) ''Non-nuclear material'' means heavy water, or any other material suitable for use in a reactor to slow down high velocity neutrons and increase the likelihood of further fission, as may be jointly designated by the appropriate authorities of the Parties. (L) ''Nuclear material'' means (1) source material and (2) special fissionable material. ''Source material'' means uranium containing the mixture of isotopes occurring in nature; uranium depleted in the isotope 235; thorium; any of the foregoing in the form of metal, alloy, chemical compound, or concentrate; any other material containing one or more of the foregoing in such concentration as the Board of Governors of the IAEA shall from time to time determine; and such other materials as the Board of Governors of the IAEA may determine or as may be agreed by the appropriate authorities of both Parties. ''Special fissionable material'' means plutonium, uranium-233, uranium enriched in the isotope 233 or 235, any substance containing one or more of the foregoing, and such other substances as the Board of Governors of the IAEA may determine or as may be agreed by the appropriate authorities of both Parties. ''Special fissionable material'' does not include ''source material''. Any determination by the Board of Governors of the IAEA under Article XX of that Agency's Statute or otherwise that amends the list of materials considered to be ''source material'' or ''special fissionable material'' shall only have effect under this Agreement when both Parties to this Agreement have informed each other in writing that they accept such amendment. (M) ''Peaceful purposes'' include the use of information, nuclear material, equipment or components in such fields as research, power generation, medicine, agriculture and industry, but do not include use in, research on, or development of any nuclear explosive device or any other military purpose. Provision of power for a military base drawn from any power network, production of radioisotopes to be used for medical purposes in military environment for diagnostics, therapy and sterility assurance, and other similar purposes as may be mutually agreed by the Parties shall not be regarded as military purpose. (N) ''Person'' means any individual or any entity subject to the territorial jurisdiction of either Party but does not include the Parties. (O) ''Reactor'' means any apparatus, other than a nuclear weapon or other nuclear explosive device, in which a self-sustaining fission chain reaction is maintained by utilizing uranium, plutonium, or thorium or any combination thereof. (P) ''Sensitive nuclear facility'' means any facility designed or used primarily for uranium enrichment, reprocessing of nuclear fuel, or fabrication of nuclear fuel containing plutonium. (Q) ''Sensitive nuclear technology'' means any information that is not in the public domain and that is important to the design, construction, fabrication, operation, or maintenance of any sensitive nuclear facility, or other such information that may be so designated by agreement of the Parties.
ARTICLE 2 - SCOPE OF COOPERATION
1. The Parties shall cooperate in the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. Each Party shall implement this Agreement in accordance with its respective applicable treaties, national laws, regulations, and license requirements concerning the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. 2. The purpose of the Agreement being to enable full civil nuclear energy cooperation between the Parties, the Parties may pursue cooperation in all relevant areas to include, but not limited to, the following: a. Advanced nuclear energy research and development in such areas as may be agreed between the Parties; b. Nuclear safety matters of mutual interest and competence, as set out in Article 3; c. Facilitation of exchange of scientists for visits, meetings, symposia and collaborative research; d. Full civil nuclear cooperation activities covering nuclear reactors and aspects of the associated nuclear fuel cycleincluding technology transfer on an industrial or commercial scale between the Parties or authorized persons; e. Development of a strategic reserve of nuclear fuel to guard against any disruption of supply over the lifetime of India's reactors; f. Advanced research and development in nuclear sciences including but not limited to biological research, medicine, agriculture and industry, environment and climate change; g. Supply between the Parties, whether for use by or for the benefit of the Parties or third countries, of nuclear material; h. Alteration in form or content of nuclear material as provided for in Article 6; i. Supply between the Parties of equipment, whether for use by or for the benefit of the Parties or third countries; j. Controlled thermonuclear fusion including in multilateral projects; and k. Other areas of mutual interest as may be agreed by the Parties. 3. Transfer of nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, components and information under this Agreement may be undertaken directly between the Parties or through authorized persons. Such transfers shall be subject to this Agreement and to such additional terms and conditions as may be agreed by the Parties. Nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, components and information transferred from the territory of one Party to the territory of the other Party, whether directly or through a third country, will be regarded as having been transferred pursuant to this Agreement only upon confirmation, by the appropriate authority of the recipient Party to the appropriate authority of the supplier Party that such items both will be subject to the Agreement and have been received by the recipient Party. 4. The Parties affirm that the purpose of this Agreement is to provide for peaceful nuclear cooperation and not to affect the unsafeguarded nuclear activities of either Party. Accordingly, nothing in this Agreement shall be interpreted as affecting the rights of the Parties to use for their own purposes nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, components, information or technology produced, acquired or developed by them independent of any nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, components, information or technology transferred to them pursuant to this Agreement. This Agreement shall be implemented in a manner so as not to hinder or otherwise interfere with any other activities involving the use of nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, components, information or technology and military nuclear facilities produced, acquired or developed by them independent of this Agreement for their own purposes.
ARTICLE 3 - TRANSFER OF INFORMATION
1. Information concerning the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes may be transferred between the Parties. Transfers of information may be accomplished through reports, data banks and computer programs and any other means mutually agreed to by the Parties. Fields that may be covered include, but shall not be limited to, the following: a. Research, development, design, construction, operation, maintenance and use of reactors, reactor experiments, and decommissioning; b. The use of nuclear material in physical, chemical, radiological and biological research, medicine, agriculture and industry;c. Fuel cycle activities to meet future world-wide civil nuclear energy needs, including multilateral approaches to which they are parties for ensuring nuclear fuel supply and appropriate techniques for management of nuclear wastes; d. Advanced research and development in nuclear science and technology; e. Health, safety, and environmental considerations related to the foregoing; f. Assessments of the role nuclear power may play in national energy plans; g. Codes, regulations and standards for the nuclear industry; h. Research on controlled thermonuclear fusion including bilateral activities and contributions toward multilateral projects such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER); and i. Any other field mutually agreed to by the Parties. 2. Cooperation pursuant to this Article may include, but is not limited to, training, exchange of personnel, meetings, exchange of samples, materials and instruments for experimental purposes and a balanced participation in joint studies and projects. 3. This Agreement does not require the transfer of any information regarding matters outside the scope of this Agreement, or information that the Parties are not permitted under their respective treaties, national laws, or regulations to transfer. 4. Restricted Data, as defined by each Party, shall not be transferred under this Agreement.
ARTICLE 4 - NUCLEAR TRADE
1. The Parties shall facilitate nuclear trade between themselves in the mutual interests of their respective industry, utilities and consumers and also, where appropriate, trade between third countries and either Party of items obligated to the other Party. The Parties recognize that reliability of supplies is essential to ensure smooth and uninterrupted operation of nuclear facilities and that industry in both the Parties needs continuing reassurance that deliveries can be made on time in order to plan for the efficient operation of nuclear installations. 2. Authorizations, including export and import licenses as well as authorizations or consents to third parties, relating to trade, industrial operations or nuclear material movement should be consistent with the sound and efficient administration of this Agreement and should not be used to restrict trade. It is further agreed that if the relevant authority of the concerned Party considers that an application cannot be processed within a two month period it shall immediately, upon request, provide reasoned information to the submitting Party. In the event of a refusal to authorize an application or a delay exceeding four months from the date of the first application the Party of the submitting persons or undertakings may call for urgent consultations under Article 13 of this Agreement, which shall take place at the earliest opportunity and in any case not later than 30 days after such a request.
ARTICLE 5 - TRANSFER OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL, NON-NUCLEAR MATERIAL, EQUIPMENT, COMPONENTS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGY
1. Nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment and components may be transferred for applications consistent with this Agreement. Any special fissionable material transferred under this Agreement shall be low enriched uranium, except as provided in paragraph 5. 2. Sensitive nuclear technology, heavy water production technology, sensitive nuclear facilities, heavy water production facilities and major critical components of such facilities may be transferred under this Agreement pursuant to an amendment to this Agreement. Transfers of dual-use items that could be used in enrichment, reprocessing or heavy water production facilities will be subject to the Parties' respective applicable laws, regulations and license policies. 3. Natural or low enriched uranium may be transferred for use as fuel in reactor experiments and in reactors, for conversion or fabrication, or for such other purposes as may be agreed to by the Parties. 4. The quantity of nuclear material transferred under this Agreement shall be consistent with any of the following purposes: use in reactor experiments or the loading of reactors, the efficient and continuous conduct of such reactor experiments or operation of reactors for their lifetime, use as samples, standards, detectors, and targets, and the accomplishment of other purposes as may be agreed by the Parties. 5. Small quantities of special fissionable material may be transferred for use as samples, standards, detectors, and targets, and for such other purposes as the Parties may agree. 6. (a) The United States has conveyed its commitment to the reliable supply of fuel to India. Consistent with the July 18, 2005, Joint Statement, the United States has also reaffirmed its assurance to create the necessary conditions for India to have assured and full access to fuel for its reactors. As part of its implementation of the July 18, 2005, Joint Statement the United States is committed to seeking agreement from the U.S. Congress to amend its domestic laws and to work with friends and allies to adjust the practices of the Nuclear Suppliers Group to create the necessary conditions for India to obtain full access to the international fuel market, including reliable, uninterrupted and continual access to fuel supplies from firms in several nations. (b) To further guard against any disruption of fuel supplies, the United States is prepared to take the following additional steps: i) The United States is willing to incorporate assurances regarding fuel supply in the bilateral U.S.-India agreement on peaceful uses of nuclear energy under Section 123 of the U.S. Atomic Energy Act, which would be submitted to the U.S. Congress. ii) The United States will join India in seeking to negotiate with the IAEA an India-specific fuel supply agreement. iii) The United States will support an Indian effort to develop a strategic reserve of nuclear fuel to guard against any disruption of supply over the lifetime of India's reactors. iv) If despite these arrangements, a disruption of fuel supplies to India occurs, the United States and India would jointly convene a group of friendly supplier countries to include countries such as Russia, France and the United Kingdom to pursue such measures as would restore fuel supply to India. (c) In light of the above understandings with the United States, an India-specific safeguards agreement will be negotiated between India and the IAEA providing for safeguards to guard against withdrawal of safeguarded nuclear material from civilian use at any time as well as providing for corrective measures that India may take to ensure uninterrupted operation of its civilian nuclear reactors in the event of disruption of foreign fuel supplies. Taking this into account, India will place its civilian nuclear facilities under India-specific safeguards in perpetuity and negotiate an appropriate safeguards agreement to this end with the IAEA.
ARTICLE 6 - NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE ACTIVITIES
In keeping with their commitment to full civil nuclear cooperation, both Parties, as they do with other states with advanced nuclear technology, may carry out the following nuclear fuel cycle activities: i) Within the territorial jurisdiction of either Party, enrichment up to twenty percent in the isotope 235 of uranium transferred pursuant to this Agreement, as well as of uranium used in or produced through the use of equipment so transferred, may be carried out. ii) Irradiation within the territorial jurisdiction of either Party of plutonium, uranium-233, high enriched uranium and irradiated nuclear material transferred pursuant to this Agreement or used in or produced through the use of non-nuclear material, nuclear material or equipment so transferred may be carried out. iii) With a view to implementing full civil nuclear cooperation as envisioned in the Joint Statement of the Parties of July 18, 2005, the Parties grant each other consent to reprocess or otherwise alter in form or content nuclear material transferred pursuant to this Agreement and nuclear material and by-product material used in or produced through the use of nuclear material, non-nuclear material, or equipment so transferred. To bring these rights into effect, India will establish a new national reprocessing facility dedicated to reprocessing safeguarded nuclear material under IAEA safeguards and the Parties will agree on arrangements and procedures under which such reprocessing or other alteration in form or content will take place in this new facility. Consultations on arrangements and procedures will begin within six months of a request by either Party and will be concluded within one year. The Parties agree on the application of IAEA safeguards to all facilities concerned with the above activities. These arrangements and procedures shall include provisions with respect to physical protection standards set out in Article 8, storage standards set out in Article 7, and environmental protections set forth in Article 11 of this Agreement, and such other provisions as may be agreed by the Parties. Any special fissionable material that may be separated may only be utilized in national facilities under IAEA safeguards. iv) Post-irradiation examination involving chemical dissolution or separation of irradiated nuclear material transferred pursuant to this Agreement or irradiated nuclear material used in or produced through the use of non-nuclear material, nuclear material or equipment so transferred may be carried out.
ARTICLE 7 - STORAGE AND RETRANSFERS
1. Plutonium and uranium 233 (except as either may be contained in irradiated fuel elements), and high enriched uranium, transferred pursuant to this Agreement or used in or produced through the use of material or equipment so transferred, may be stored in facilities that are at all times subject, as a minimum, to the levels of physical protection that are set out in IAEA document INFCIRC 225/REV 4 as it may be revised and accepted by the Parties. Each Party shall record such facilities on a list, made available to the other Party. A Party's list shall be held confidential if that Party so requests. Either Party may make changes to its list by notifying the other Party in writing and receiving a written acknowledgement. Such acknowledgement shall be given no later than thirty days after the receipt of the notification and shall be limited to a statement that the notification has been received. If there are grounds to believe that the provisions of this sub-Article are not being fully complied with, immediate consultations may be called for. Following upon such consultations, each Party shall ensure by means of such consultations that necessary remedial measures are taken immediately. Such measures shall be sufficient to restore the levels of physical protection referred to above at the facility in question. However, if the Party on whose territory the nuclear material in question is stored determines that such measures are not feasible, it will shift the nuclear material to another appropriate, listed facility it identifies. 2. Nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, components, and information transferred pursuant to this Agreement and any special fissionable material produced through the use of nuclear material, non-nuclear material or equipment so transferred shall not be transferred or re-transferred to unauthorized persons or, unless the Parties agree, beyond the recipient Party's territorial jurisdiction. ARTICLE 8 - PHYSICAL PROTECTION
1. Adequate physical protection shall be maintained with respect to nuclear material and equipment transferred pursuant to this Agreement and nuclear material used in or produced through the use of nuclear material, non-nuclear material or equipment so transferred. 2. To fulfill the requirement in paragraph 1, each Party shall apply measures in accordance with (i) levels of physical protection at least equivalent to the recommendations published in IAEA document INFCIRC/225/Rev.4 entitled ''The Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities,'' and in any subsequent revisions of that document agreed to by the Parties, and (ii) the provisions of the 1980 Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and any amendments to the Convention that enter into force for both Parties. 3. The Parties will keep each other informed through diplomatic channels of those agencies or authorities having responsibility for ensuring that levels of physical protection for nuclear material in their territory or under their jurisdiction or control are adequately met and having responsibility for coordinating response and recovery operations in the event of unauthorized use or handling of material subject to this Article. The Parties will also keep each other informed through diplomatic channels of the designated points of contact within their national authorities to cooperate on matters of out-of-country transportation and other matters of mutual concern. 4. The provisions of this Article shall be implemented in such a manner as to avoid undue interference in the Parties' peaceful nuclear activities and so as to be consistent with prudent management practices required for the safe and economic conduct of their peaceful nuclear programs.
ARTICLE 9 - PEACEFUL USE
Nuclear material, equipment and components transferred pursuant to this Agreement and nuclear material and by-product materialused in or produced through the use of any nuclear material, equipment, and components so transferred shall not be used by the recipient Party for any nuclear explosive device, for research on or development of any nuclear explosive device or for any military purpose.
ARTICLE 10 - IAEA SAFEGUARDS
1. Safeguards will be maintained with respect to all nuclear materials and equipment transferred pursuant to this Agreement, and with respect to all special fissionable material used in or produced through the use of such nuclear materials and equipment, so long as the material or equipment remains under the jurisdiction or control of the cooperating Party. 2. Taking into account Article 5.6 of this Agreement, India agrees that nuclear material and equipment transferred to India by the United States of America pursuant to this Agreement and any nuclear material used in or produced through the use of nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment or components so transferred shall be subject to safeguards in perpetuity in accordance with the India-specific Safeguards Agreement between India and the IAEA [identifying data] and an Additional Protocol, when in force. 3. Nuclear material and equipment transferred to the United States of America pursuant to this Agreement and any nuclear material used in or produced through the use of any nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, or components so transferred shall be subject to the Agreement between the United States of America and the IAEA for the application of safeguards in the United States of America, done at Vienna November 18, 1977, which entered into force on December 9, 1980, and an Additional Protocol, when in force. 4. If the IAEA decides that the application of IAEA safeguards is no longer possible, the supplier and recipient should consult and agree on appropriate verification measures. 5. Each Party shall take such measures as are necessary to maintain and facilitate the application of IAEA safeguards in its respective territory provided for under this Article. 6. Each Party shall establish and maintain a system of accounting for and control of nuclear material transferred pursuant to this Agreement and nuclear material used in or produced through the use of any material, equipment, or components so transferred. The procedures applicable to India shall be those set forth in the India-specific Safeguards Agreement referred to in Paragraph 2 of this Article. 7. Upon the request of either Party, the other Party shall report or permit the IAEA to report to the requesting Party on the status of all inventories of material subject to this Agreement. 8. The provisions of this Article shall be implemented in such a manner as to avoid hampering, delay, or undue interference in the Parties' peaceful nuclear activities and so as to be consistent with prudent management practices required for the safe and economic conduct of their peaceful nuclear programs.
ARTICLE 11 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
The Parties shall cooperate in following the best practices for minimizing the impact on the environment from any radioactive, chemical or thermal contamination arising from peaceful nuclear activities under this Agreement and in related matters of health and safety.
ARTICLE 12 - IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AGREEMENT
1. This Agreement shall be implemented in a manner designed: a) to avoid hampering or delaying the nuclear activities in the territory of either Party; b) to avoid interference in such activities; c) to be consistent with prudent management practices required for the safe conduct of such activities; and d) to take full account of the long term requirements of the nuclear energy programs of the Parties. 2. The provisions of this Agreement shall not be used to: a) secure unfair commercial or industrial advantages or to restrict trade to the disadvantage of persons and undertakings of either Party or hamper their commercial or industrial interests, whether international or domestic; b) interfere with the nuclear policy or programs for the promotion of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy including research and development; or c) impede the free movement of nuclear material, non nuclear material and equipment supplied under this Agreement within the territory of the Parties. 3. When execution of an agreement or contract pursuant to this Agreement between Indian and United States organizations requires exchanges of experts, the Parties shall facilitate entry of the experts to their territories and their stay therein consistent with national laws, regulations and practices. When other cooperation pursuant to this Agreement requires visits of experts, the Parties shall facilitate entry of the experts to their territory and their stay therein consistent with national laws, regulations and practices. ARTICLE 13 - CONSULTATIONS
1. The Parties undertake to consult at the request of either Party regarding the implementation of this Agreement and the development of further cooperation in the field of peaceful uses of nuclear energy on a stable, reliable and predictable basis. The Parties recognize that such consultations are between two States with advanced nuclear technology, which have agreed to assume the same responsibilities and practices and acquire the same benefits and advantages as other leading countries with advanced nuclear technology. 2. Each Party shall endeavor to avoid taking any action that adversely affects cooperation envisaged under Article 2 of this Agreement. If either Party at any time following the entry into force of this Agreement does not comply with the provisions of this Agreement, the Parties shall promptly hold consultations with a view to resolving the matter in a way that protects the legitimate interests of both Parties, it being understood that rights of either Party under Article 16.2 remain unaffected. 3. Consultations under this Article may be carried out by a Joint Committee specifically established for this purpose. A Joint Technical Working Group reporting to the Joint Committee will be set up to ensure the fulfillment of the requirements of the Administrative Arrangements referred to in Article 17.
ARTICLE 14 - TERMINATION AND CESSATION OF COOPERATION
1. Either Party shall have the right to terminate this Agreement prior to its expiration on one year's written notice to the other Party. A Party giving notice of termination shall provide the reasons for seeking such termination. The Agreement shall terminate one year from the date of the written notice, unless the notice has been withdrawn by the providing Party in writing prior to the date of termination. 2. Before this Agreement is terminated pursuant to paragraph 1 of this Article, the Parties shall consider the relevant circumstances and promptly hold consultations, as provided in Article 13, to address the reasons cited by the Party seeking termination. The Party seeking termination has the right to cease further cooperation under this Agreement if it determines that a mutually acceptable resolution of outstanding issues has not been possible or cannot be achieved through consultations. The Parties agree to consider carefully the circumstances that may lead to termination or cessation of cooperation. They further agree to take into account whether the circumstances that may lead to termination or cessation resulted from a Party's serious concern about a changed security environment or as a response to similar actions by other States, which could impact national security. 3. If a Party seeking termination cites a violation of this Agreement as the reason for notice for seeking termination, the Parties shall consider whether the action was caused inadvertently or otherwise and whether the violation could be considered as material. No violation may be considered as being material unless corresponding to the definition of material violation or breach in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. If a Party seeking termination cites a violation of an IAEA safeguards agreement as the reason for notice for seeking termination, a crucial factor will be whether the IAEA Board of Governors has made a finding of non-compliance. 4. Following the cessation of cooperation under this Agreement, either Party shall have the right to require the return by the other Party of any nuclear material, equipment, non-nuclear material or components transferred under this Agreement and any special fissionable material produced through their use. A notice by a Party that is invoking the right of return shall be delivered to the other Party on or before the date of termination of this Agreement. The notice shall contain a statement of the items subject to this Agreement as to which the Party is requesting return. Except as provided in provisions of Article 16.3, all other legal obligations pertaining to this Agreement shall cease to apply with respect to the nuclear items remaining on the territory of the Party concerned upon termination of this Agreement. 5. The two Parties recognize that exercising the right of return would have profound implications for their relations. If either Party seeks to exercise its right pursuant to paragraph 4 of this Article, it shall, prior to the removal from the territory or from the control of the other Party of any nuclear items mentioned in paragraph 4, undertake consultations with the other Party. Such consultations shall give special consideration to the importance of uninterrupted operation of nuclear reactors of the Party concerned with respect to the availability of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes as a means of achieving energy security. Both Parties shall take into account the potential negative consequences of such termination on the on-going contracts and projects initiated under this Agreement of significance for the respective nuclear programs of either Party. 6. If either Party exercises its right of return pursuant to paragraph 4 of this Article, it shall, prior to the removal from the territory or from the control of the other Party, compensate promptly that Party for the fair market value thereof and for the costs incurred as a consequence of such removal. If the return of nuclear items is required, the Parties shall agree on methods and arrangements for the return of the items, the relevant quantity of the items to be returned, and the amount of compensation that would have to be paid by the Party exercising the right to the other Party. 7. Prior to return of nuclear items, the Parties shall satisfy themselves that full safety, radiological and physical protection measures have been ensured in accordance with their existing national regulations and that the transfers pose no unreasonable risk to either Party, countries through which the nuclear items may transit and to the global environment and are in accordance with existing international regulations. 8. The Party seeking the return of nuclear items shall ensure that the timing, methods and arrangements for return of nuclear items are in accordance with paragraphs 5, 6 and 7. Accordingly, the consultations between the Parties shall address mutual commitments as contained in Article 5.6. It is not the purpose of the provisions of this Article regarding cessation of cooperation and right of return to derogate from the rights of the Parties under Article 5.6. 9. The arrangements and procedures concluded pursuant to Article 6(iii) shall be subject to suspension by either Party in exceptional circumstances, as defined by the Parties, after consultations have been held between the Parties aimed at reaching mutually acceptable resolution of outstanding issues, while taking into account the effects of such suspension on other aspects of cooperation under this Agreement.
ARTICLE 15 - SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES
Any dispute concerning the interpretation or implementation of the provisions of this Agreement shall be promptly negotiated by the Parties with a view to resolving that dispute.
ARTICLE 16 - ENTRY INTO FORCE AND DURATION
1. This Agreement shall enter into force on the date on which the Parties exchange diplomatic notes informing each other that they have completed all applicable requirements for its entry into force. 2. This Agreement shall remain in force for a period of40 years. It shall continue in force thereafter for additional periods of 10 years each. Each Party may, by giving 6 months written notice to the other Party, terminate this Agreement at the end of the initial 40 year period or at the end of any subsequent 10 year period. 3. Notwithstanding the termination or expiration of this Agreement or withdrawal of a Party from this Agreement, Articles 5.6(c), 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 15 shall continue in effect so long as any nuclear material, non-nuclear material, by-product material, equipment or components subject to these articles remains in the territory of the Party concerned or under its jurisdiction or control anywhere, or until such time as the Parties agree that such nuclear material is no longer usable for any nuclear activity relevant from the point of view of safeguards. 4. This Agreement shall be implemented in good faith and in accordance with the principles of international law. 5. The Parties may consult, at the request of either Party, on possible amendments to this Agreement. This Agreement may be amended if the Parties so agree. Any amendment shall enter into force on the date on which the Parties exchange diplomatic notes informing each other that their respective internal legal procedures necessary for the entry into force have been completed.
ARTICLE 17 - ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENT
1. The appropriate authorities of the Parties shall establish an Administrative Arrangement in order to provide for the effective implementation of the provisions of this Agreement. 2. The principles of fungibility and equivalence shall apply to nuclear material and non-nuclear material subject to this Agreement. Detailed provisions for applying these principles shall be set forth in the Administrative Arrangement. 3. The Administrative Arrangement established pursuant to this Article may be amended by agreement of the appropriate authorities of the Parties. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized, have signed this Agreement.
AGREED MINUTE
During the negotiation of the Agreement for Cooperation Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of India Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy (''the Agreement'') signed today, the following understandings, which shall be an integral part of the Agreement, were reached. Proportionality For the purposes of implementing the rights specified in Articles 6 and 7 of the Agreement with respect to special fissionable material and by-product material produced through the use of nuclear material and non-nuclear material, respectively, transferred pursuant to the Agreement and not used in or produced through the use of equipment transferred pursuant to the Agreement, such rights shall in practice be applied to that proportion of special fissionable material and by-product material produced that represents the ratio of transferred nuclear material and non-nuclear material, respectively, used in the production of the special fissionable material and by-product material to the total amount of nuclear material and non-nuclear material so used, and similarly for subsequent generations. By-product material The Parties agree that reporting and exchanges of information on by-product material subject to the Agreement will be limited to the following: (1) Both Parties would comply with the provisions as contained in the IAEA document GOV/1999/19/Rev.2, with regard to by-product material subject to the Agreement. (2) With regard to tritium subject to the Agreement, the Parties will exchange annually information pertaining to its disposition for peaceful purposes consistent with Article 9 of this Agreement. Released on August 3, 2007
(Courtesy US State Department website)

Diary of my MacleodGanj Trip

A village in upper Dharamsala, this is the home of the Tibetan Government in exile. If you ever read the phrase: "Nestled in the foothills of the Himalayas..." this is what it means. Here are the proof :-) Some people and places attract you at first glance.Same for MacleodGanj to me! It was my love at first sight! Love by instinct.The very first day I stepped in Macleodganj, a hill station at Upper Dharamsala, my heart was filled with joy. I felt a sense of belonging even before seeing the place.

The sight of smiling little monks, their innocence coupled with seriousness in their glittering eyes, attracted me.I felt an innate curiosity towards the place as to Tibetan Buddhism. I looked around with a child-like curiosity. The snow clad mountains seem to be hiding a beautiful mystery behind the dancing fog. Nature was as fresh as a new born child.

Macleodganj looked like an international centre within

my country and has a difference with special charm. We went for a stroll thru the streets, on roads where locals were selling nick-knacks to tourists.

Our mornings were greeted with radiant rays of the sun piercing through the trees against the mystic backdrop of the place.

The place is like 'mini Tibet', with so many Tibetans there. In that small place where Tibetan refugees try to retain their culture, their art, handicrafts etc. It was truly a wonderful experience.
How to get there
~ Gaggal airport in Kangra is the closest airport, 13 km away.

~ The closest rail station is at Pathankot.From Pathankot, regular busses both by Himachal Government and Private , are running frequently.The distance is 85 km.
~ Dharamshala is well connected
by road to Chandigarh (239 kms),
Amritsar (200 kms), Delhi (514 kms), Shimla (322 kms), and Dalhousie (55 kms).

Volvo buses are available and starting from ISBT - KashmiriGate in Delhi to DharamSala.
You can get the details here:
http://himachal.gov.in/hrtc/acdetail.htm

Dalai Lama Temple , McLeod Ganj

On 10th May '08 we went to Dalai Lama Temple McLeod Ganj that is a place of residence of His Excellence Dalai Lama after his exile from Tibet. It's such a nice place so I wish if I could have stayed here for little bit longer. This photographs had taken from the famous temple!

Travellers can take memento from the market as wooden work or carpets are really good but costly too! And the biggest problem was that I was not carrying cash and none of the shop was accepting credit card :-(

Its really a place which is far from the madding crowd, far from the din and bustle of the city that provokes you be little philosophical about the life.

Pathetic customer care from airtel postpaid mobile -- my own experience

I've called to airtel on 20th March in Delhi as I
planned to shift from Delhi after 26th and I wanted to continue
my existing airtel plan to my new place.Delhi Customer Care Executive (CCE) told me that
they'll send me an email which I need to show in Kolkata Customer Care to
do this. Then 26th May I again called them as to give them the final
reminder for doing the same.Delhi Airtel CCE told me that they'll give me
the email that I need to produce in Kolkata CCE .
But I didn't receive any email from airtel up to 31st May. Then again I
called airtel from Kolkata and again the same story.Delhi Airtel customer
care falsely promised me to send me that email to my yahoo id which had
been registered with Airtel.
2nd June I've called once again from Kolkata and Delhi Airtel customer care
told me it'll take 5 working days and then also I can't get any clear
picture.
Airtel handled my concern badly and I think twice to take any new
relationship with Airtel.

Though Airtel promised you to give you better service , there service is as bad as compared to any government organization, if not worse.

Just imagine, even today I've yet to activate my Airtel because of their lackadaisical attitude!

euro2008 has begun

And it's the time for the football lover like me to spend night in front of the TV set. Yesterday I watched Nederland vs Italy mach and what a match it was! Marco Van Bast en really made a formidable team with the youngsters, I don't know how long they will proceed in this tournament but I'm going to support them till the end as they are such an entertaining bunch! Unfortunately they are in the toughest group. In other matches the glimpse of genius of Christiano Ronaldo was revealed. Lets see who eventually will take the trophy!

Due to extremely busy schedule and really paucity of time for last few days, I was unable to write something here. It was a mixed feeling on 26th May when I had left from NOIDA and moved towards my hometown Kolkata. I was happy and sad simultaneously and though I know it's tough to understand the feeling and even I can't able to articulate but it was only like that.
In one mind I was thinking that I can't able to go to GIP(Great India Place) frequently or I can't able to talk most of my friends face to face but on the other hand I was more than happy to get an opportunity to return back in my home town.

Wait for more updates pics and small diary of our travel in Himalayas !

Enjoying rain in delhi

Ah... what a weather for last couple of days here! Sometimes its drizzling, sometimes raining like cats n dogs and soaring mercury has been brought down by weather god up to 20 C.

(Can't refrain to add the photo collected from BBC)

None can imagine this kind of climate here in May when usually sun is beating down around all the place. Unfortunately I need to come to my office as there is no more leave has left hence can't enjoy fully but still sometimes find the glimpse of it while coming outside from the office. Might be the following few lines of William Wordsworth is very much applicable though he had written these for his native land

There was a roaring in the wind all night;

The rain came heavily and fell in floods;

But now the sun is rising calm and bright;

The birds are singing in the distant woods;

My friends are in Mumbai or Kolkata might not enjoy this rain as much as we are enjoying here but it's true that rainy season in Delhi are sweet short and hence beautiful!

Aware about the word 'Hopefully'

Use of the word hopefully is always wrong . Hopefully is an adverb meaning "in a hopeful way" and can only modify another adverb, verb or adjective. When we want to express a statement about what is desired, "it is hoped" is always better usage than "hopefully"

Check the following two links:

http://www.bartleby.com/64/C003/0160.html

http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-hop2.htm

Little more about if condition

When you come across the "if" word in any sentence, then be careful about the following about the sentence schema:
If Clause Then Clause
Present will + Base(Main) verb
If Roger win, he will be the first person to win 5 US open successively.
Past would/ could + Base(Main)verb
If Avix failed ...... , he would go .........
Past perfect would/could + have + Participle
If Napoleon had conquered ..... he would have given a new ..........


Please be careful while writing and using "If" condition and keep above simple rules in your mind. We've a tendency to use excessive usage of would/ could but sometimes they are not at all required!

Will Vs Would

Conditional Clause and Main Clause

If I have enough money, conditional clause	I will go to Japan.     main clause
I will go to Japan, main clause	if I have enough money     conditional clause

First, Second, and Third Conditional

1. First conditional:	If I have enough money, I will go to Japan.
2. Second conditional:	If I had enough money, I would go to Japan.
3. Third conditional:	If I had had enough money, I would have gone to Japan.

 

Conditional clause	Main clause
1. If + Present Tense	will + inf / present tense / imperative
If you help me with the dishes (if + pres), I will help you with your homework. (will + inf) If the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by three, the number is divisible by three (Pres. tense) If you see Mr Fox tonight, tell him I am ill. (imperative).
2. If + Past Tense	would + inf
3. If + Past Perfect Tense	would have + past participle
We do not normally use will or would in the conditional clause, only in the main clause.

Uses of the Conditional

1. First conditional
   
   
   1. Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible.
      
   2. Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time.
      
      e.g. If he is late, we will have to go without him.
      
      If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.
   
   
   
   
2. Second conditional
   
   
   1. Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations.
      
   2. Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking about the present, now.
      
      e.g. If I knew her name, I would tell you.
      
      If I were you, I would tell my father.
      
      Compare: If I become president, I will change the social security system. (Said by a presidential candidate)
      
      If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said by a schoolboy: improbable)
      
      If we win this match, we are qualified for the semifinals.
      
      If I won a million pounds, I would stop teaching. (improbable)
      
   
   
   
   
3. Third conditional
   
   
   1. Nature: unreal
      
   2. Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that was not so in the past.)
      
      e.g. If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party.(But you didn't, and I have).
      
   
   

Meaning of detoriate !

Yesterday I was trying to write the word "detoriate" in a word document and find it was throwing an error( red colored underline)!!
And while I was googling I got the below in one site"Sorry, no dictionaries indexed in the selected category contain the word detoriate." After more intensive search I find the word spells actually "deteriorating" instead of the word "detoriate" which I've written so far almost everywhere!
It puzzles me as it is such a common mistake which everyone makes and thinks they are writing the correct word!